The Holy Quran has detailed in several verses of different surahs which things or actions are permissible and which are forbidden. The basic principle in Islam is that everything is permissible, except for those things that are specifically declared forbidden.

Halal and haram in terms of food: dead animals, flowing blood, pork, animals slaughtered without the name of Allah, and intoxicants.

اِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ عَلَیۡكُمُ الۡمَیۡتَۃَ وَ الدَّمَ وَ لَحۡمَ الۡخِنۡزِیۡرِ وَ مَاۤ اُهِلَّ بِهٖ لِغَیۡرِ اللّٰهِ ۚ فَمَنِ اضۡطُرَّ غَیۡرَ بَاغٍ وَّ لَا عَادٍ فَلَاۤ اِثۡمَ عَلَیۡهِ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ غَفُوۡرٌ رَّحِیۡمٌ ﴿۱۷۳﴾

He has only forbidden you dead animals, blood, the flesh of swine, and that over which other than Allah's name has been invoked. But whoever is innocent and does not disobey or transgress, there is no sin on him. Indeed, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

Surah Al-Baqarah, Verse 173.

یٰۤاَیُّهَا الَّذِیۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡۤا اَوۡفُوۡا بِالۡعُقُوۡدِ ۬ؕ اُحِلَّتۡ لَكُمۡ بَهِیۡمَۃُ الۡاَنۡعَامِ اِلَّا مَا یُتۡلٰی عَلَیۡكُمۡ غَیۡرَ مُحِلِّی الصَّیۡدِ وَ اَنۡتُمۡ حُرُمٌ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ یَحۡكُمُ مَا یُرِیۡدُ ﴿۱﴾

O you who believe! Fulfill your covenants. Lawful to you are the cattle, except what has been narrated to you, but do not consider hunting lawful while in the state of Ihram. Indeed, Allah decrees whatever He wills.

Surah Al-Ma'idah Verse 01

یَسۡـَٔلُوۡنَكَ مَاذَاۤ اُحِلَّ لَهُمۡ ؕ قُلۡ اُحِلَّ لَكُمُ الطَّیِّبٰتُ ۙ وَ مَا عَلَّمۡتُمۡ مِّنَ الۡجَوَارِحِ مُكَلِّبِیۡنَ تُعَلِّمُوۡنَهُنَّ مِمَّا عَلَّمَكُمُ اللّٰهُ ۫ فَكُلُوۡا مِمَّاۤ اَمۡسَكۡنَ عَلَیۡكُمۡ وَ اذۡكُرُوا اسۡمَ اللّٰهِ عَلَیۡهِ ۪ وَ اتَّقُوا اللّٰهَ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ سَرِیۡعُ الۡحِسَابِ ﴿۴﴾

People ask you, "What has been made lawful for them?" Say, "All good things have been made lawful for you. And the wild animals which you have taught to hunt - teach them from what Allah has taught you - so eat of what they catch for you. And mention the name of Allah over it and be careful of your duty to Allah. Indeed, Allah is swift in taking account." 

Surah Al-Ma'idah, Verse 4.

اَلۡیَوۡمَ اُحِلَّ لَكُمُ الطَّیِّبٰتُ ؕ وَ طَعَامُ الَّذِیۡنَ اُوۡتُوا الۡكِتٰبَ حِلٌّ لَّكُمۡ ۪ وَ طَعَامُكُمۡ حِلٌّ لَّهُمۡ ۫ وَ الۡمُحۡصَنٰتُ مِنَ الۡمُؤۡمِنٰتِ وَ الۡمُحۡصَنٰتُ مِنَ الَّذِیۡنَ اُوۡتُوا الۡكِتٰبَ مِنۡ قَبۡلِكُمۡ اِذَاۤ اٰتَیۡتُمُوۡهُنَّ اُجُوۡرَهُنَّ مُحۡصِنِیۡنَ غَیۡرَ مُسٰفِحِیۡنَ وَ لَا مُتَّخِذِیۡۤ اَخۡدَانٍ ؕ وَ مَنۡ یَّكۡفُرۡ بِالۡاِیۡمَانِ فَقَدۡ حَبِطَ عَمَلُهٗ ۫ وَ هُوَ فِی الۡاٰخِرَۃِ مِنَ الۡخٰسِرِیۡنَ ﴿۵﴾

This day all good things are made lawful to you, and the food of those who were given the Scripture is lawful to you, and your food is lawful to them. And the chaste believing women and the chaste women of those who were given the Scripture before you are made lawful to you, provided that you give them their dowers in marriage, not as open fornication or as secret lovers. And whoever disbelieves after believing, his deeds will surely be in vain, and in the Hereafter he will be among the losers.

Surah Al-Ma'idah Verse 05.

یٰۤاَیُّهَا الَّذِیۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡۤا اِنَّمَا الۡخَمۡرُ وَ الۡمَیۡسِرُ وَ الۡاَنۡصَابُ وَ الۡاَزۡلَامُ رِجۡسٌ مِّنۡ عَمَلِ الشَّیۡطٰنِ فَاجۡتَنِبُوۡهُ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُوۡنَ ﴿۹۰﴾

O you who believe! Intoxicants, gambling, idols, and fortune-telling are only an abomination, the work of Satan. So avoid them that you may be successful.

Surah Al-Ma'idah, verse 90.

اُحِلَّ لَكُمۡ صَیۡدُ الۡبَحۡرِ وَ طَعَامُهٗ مَتَاعًا لَّكُمۡ وَ لِلسَّیَّارَۃِ ۚ وَ حُرِّمَ عَلَیۡكُمۡ صَیۡدُ الۡبَرِّ مَا دُمۡتُمۡ حُرُمًا ؕ وَ اتَّقُوا اللّٰهَ الَّذِیۡۤ اِلَیۡهِ تُحۡشَرُوۡنَ ﴿۹۶﴾

Lawful to you is the game of the sea and its food, a provision for you and for the travelers. But forbidden to you is the game of the land as long as you are in the state of Ihram. And fear Allah, to Whom you will be gathered.

Surah Al-Ma'idah, verse 96.

وَ مَا لَكُمۡ اَلَّا تَاۡكُلُوۡا مِمَّا ذُكِرَ اسۡمُ اللّٰهِ عَلَیۡهِ وَ قَدۡ فَصَّلَ لَكُمۡ مَّا حَرَّمَ عَلَیۡكُمۡ اِلَّا مَا اضۡطُرِرۡتُمۡ اِلَیۡهِ ؕ وَ اِنَّ كَثِیۡرًا لَّیُضِلُّوۡنَ بِاَهۡوَآئِهِمۡ بِغَیۡرِ عِلۡمٍ ؕ اِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ اَعۡلَمُ بِالۡمُعۡتَدِیۡنَ ﴿۱۱۹﴾

And what is the matter with you that you should not eat of that on which the name of Allah has been mentioned? He has made clear to you what He has forbidden you, so that you may be helpless. And indeed, many lead others astray through their own desires without knowledge; indeed, your Lord is most knowing of the transgressors.

Surah An'am, verse 119.

All is lawful except dead animals, flowing blood, and the flesh of swine.

قُلۡ لَّاۤ اَجِدُ فِیۡ مَاۤ اُوۡحِیَ اِلَیَّ مُحَرَّمًا عَلٰی طَاعِمٍ یَّطۡعَمُهٗۤ اِلَّاۤ اَنۡ یَّكُوۡنَ مَیۡتَۃً اَوۡ دَمًا مَّسۡفُوۡحًا اَوۡ لَحۡمَ خِنۡزِیۡرٍ فَاِنَّهٗ رِجۡسٌ اَوۡ فِسۡقًا اُهِلَّ لِغَیۡرِ اللّٰهِ بِهٖ ۚ فَمَنِ اضۡطُرَّ غَیۡرَ بَاغٍ وَّ لَا عَادٍ فَاِنَّ رَبَّكَ غَفُوۡرٌ رَّحِیۡمٌ ﴿۱۴۵﴾

Say, I find nothing forbidden in what has been revealed to me of what people eat, except dead animals, flowing blood, and the flesh of swine. For these are surely unclean or unlawful, sacrificed to other than Allah. But whoever is compelled by necessity, not disobeying nor transgressing, then surely your Lord is Forgiving, Merciful.

Surah An'am, verse 145.

This verse describes in detail which foods are permissible and which are forbidden.

حُرِّمَتۡ عَلَیۡكُمُ الۡمَیۡتَۃُ وَ الدَّمُ وَ لَحۡمُ الۡخِنۡزِیۡرِ وَ مَاۤ اُهِلَّ لِغَیۡرِ اللّٰهِ بِهٖ وَ الۡمُنۡخَنِقَۃُ وَ الۡمَوۡقُوۡذَۃُ وَ الۡمُتَرَدِّیَۃُ وَ النَّطِیۡحَۃُ وَ مَاۤ اَكَلَ السَّبُعُ اِلَّا مَا ذَكَّیۡتُمۡ ۟ وَ مَا ذُبِحَ عَلَی النُّصُبِ وَ اَنۡ تَسۡتَقۡسِمُوۡا بِالۡاَزۡلَامِ ؕ ذٰلِكُمۡ فِسۡقٌ ؕ اَلۡیَوۡمَ یَئِسَ الَّذِیۡنَ كَفَرُوۡا مِنۡ دِیۡنِكُمۡ فَلَا تَخۡشَوۡهُمۡ وَ اخۡشَوۡنِ ؕ اَلۡیَوۡمَ اَكۡمَلۡتُ لَكُمۡ دِیۡنَكُمۡ وَ اَتۡمَمۡتُ عَلَیۡكُمۡ نِعۡمَتِیۡ وَ رَضِیۡتُ لَكُمُ الۡاِسۡلَامَ دِیۡنًا ؕ فَمَنِ اضۡطُرَّ فِیۡ مَخۡمَصَۃٍ غَیۡرَ مُتَجَانِفٍ لِّاِثۡمٍ ۙ فَاِنَّ اللّٰهَ غَفُوۡرٌ رَّحِیۡمٌ ﴿۳﴾

Forbidden to you are dead animals, blood, the flesh of swine, that which has been invoked in the name of other than Allah, that which has been strangled, that which has been beaten, that which has fallen from a height, that which has been gored by the horns of other animals, and that which has been eaten by wild beasts; except that which you are able to slaughter, and that which is sacrificed on the altars of idols, and that which is divided by the arrows of gambling. Today the disbelievers have despaired of your religion; so fear them not, but fear Me. This day have I perfected your religion for you, and completed My favor upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion. But whoever is compelled by hunger, not inclined to sin, then indeed, Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.

Surah Al-Ma'idah Verse 03.

Socially and morally forbidden: adultery, obscene acts, homosexuality, murder, lying, and idolatry.

 اَلۡیَوۡمَ اُحِلَّ لَكُمُ الطَّیِّبٰتُ ؕ وَ طَعَامُ الَّذِیۡنَ اُوۡتُوا الۡكِتٰبَ حِلٌّ لَّكُمۡ ۪ وَ طَعَامُكُمۡ حِلٌّ لَّهُمۡ ۫ وَ الۡمُحۡصَنٰتُ مِنَ الۡمُؤۡمِنٰتِ وَ الۡمُحۡصَنٰتُ مِنَ الَّذِیۡنَ اُوۡتُوا الۡكِتٰبَ مِنۡ قَبۡلِكُمۡ اِذَاۤ اٰتَیۡتُمُوۡهُنَّ اُجُوۡرَهُنَّ مُحۡصِنِیۡنَ غَیۡرَ مُسٰفِحِیۡنَ وَ لَا مُتَّخِذِیۡۤ اَخۡدَانٍ ؕ وَ مَنۡ یَّكۡفُرۡ بِالۡاِیۡمَانِ فَقَدۡ حَبِطَ عَمَلُهٗ ۫ وَ هُوَ فِی الۡاٰخِرَۃِ مِنَ الۡخٰسِرِیۡنَ ﴿۵﴾

This day all good things are made lawful to you, and the food of those who were given the Scripture is lawful to you, and your food is lawful to them. And the chaste believing women and the chaste women of those who were given the Scripture before you are made lawful to you, provided that you give them their dowers in marriage, not as open fornication or as secret lovers. And whoever disbelieves after believing, his deeds will surely be in vain, and in the Hereafter he will be among the losers.

Surah Al-Ma'idah Verse 05.

 قُلۡ تَعَالَوۡا اَتۡلُ مَا حَرَّمَ رَبُّكُمۡ عَلَیۡكُمۡ اَلَّا تُشۡرِكُوۡا بِهٖ شَیۡئًا وَّ بِالۡوَالِدَیۡنِ اِحۡسَانًا ۚ وَ لَا تَقۡتُلُوۡۤا اَوۡلَادَكُمۡ مِّنۡ اِمۡلَاقٍ ؕ نَحۡنُ نَرۡزُقُكُمۡ وَ اِیَّاهُمۡ ۚ وَ لَا تَقۡرَبُوا الۡفَوَاحِشَ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنۡهَا وَ مَا بَطَنَ ۚ وَ لَا تَقۡتُلُوا النَّفۡسَ الَّتِیۡ حَرَّمَ اللّٰهُ اِلَّا بِالۡحَقِّ ؕ ذٰلِكُمۡ وَصّٰكُمۡ بِهٖ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَعۡقِلُوۡنَ ﴿۱۵۱﴾

 وَ لَا تَقۡرَبُوۡا مَالَ الۡیَتِیۡمِ اِلَّا بِالَّتِیۡ هِیَ اَحۡسَنُ حَتّٰی یَبۡلُغَ اَشُدَّهٗ ۚ وَ اَوۡفُوا الۡكَیۡلَ وَ الۡمِیۡزَانَ بِالۡقِسۡطِ ۚ لَا نُكَلِّفُ نَفۡسًا اِلَّا وُسۡعَهَا ۚ وَ اِذَا قُلۡتُمۡ فَاعۡدِلُوۡا وَ لَوۡ كَانَ ذَا قُرۡبٰی ۚ وَ بِعَهۡدِ اللّٰهِ اَوۡفُوۡا ؕ ذٰلِكُمۡ وَصّٰكُمۡ بِهٖ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَذَكَّرُوۡنَ ﴿۱۵۲﴾ۙ

Say, "Come, I will recite to you what your Lord has forbidden you: that you associate no partners with Him, and be good to your parents, and do not kill your children for fear of poverty. We provide for you and them. And do not approach indecency, whether openly or secretly. And do not kill anyone whom Allah has forbidden except for a just cause. He has commanded you this so that you may understand."

And do not approach the orphan's property except in a just manner, until he reaches maturity, and give full measure and weight with justice. We do not burden a soul beyond its capacity. And when you speak, speak justly, even if it is to a relative, and fulfill the covenant of Allah. Thus does Allah command you that you may receive admonition.

Surah An'am, verses 151-152.

قُلۡ اِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ رَبِّیَ الۡفَوَاحِشَ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنۡهَا وَ مَا بَطَنَ وَ الۡاِثۡمَ وَ الۡبَغۡیَ بِغَیۡرِ الۡحَقِّ وَ اَنۡ تُشۡرِكُوۡا بِاللّٰهِ مَا لَمۡ یُنَزِّلۡ بِهٖ سُلۡطٰنًا وَّ اَنۡ تَقُوۡلُوۡا عَلَی اللّٰهِ مَا لَا تَعۡلَمُوۡنَ ﴿۳۳﴾

Say, "My Lord has forbidden indecency, open and secret, and sin, transgression, and associating with Allah partners for which He has not sent down any authority, and saying about Allah that which you do not know." 

Surah A'raf, verse 33.

اَلزَّانِیۡ لَا یَنۡكِحُ اِلَّا زَانِیَۃً اَوۡ مُشۡرِكَۃً ۫ وَّ الزَّانِیَۃُ لَا یَنۡكِحُهَاۤ اِلَّا زَانٍ اَوۡ مُشۡرِكٌ ۚ وَ حُرِّمَ ذٰلِكَ عَلَی الۡمُؤۡمِنِیۡنَ ﴿۳﴾

The adulterer shall not marry except an adulterer or an idolater, and the adulterer shall not marry except an adulterer or an idolater, and it is forbidden to the believers.

Surah An-Nur, verse 03.

Haram in the field of economics: interest, gambling, and unjustly consuming the wealth of others.

اَلَّذِیۡنَ یَاۡكُلُوۡنَالرِّبٰوا لَایَقُوۡمُوۡنَ اِلَّاكَمَا یَقُوۡمُالَّذِیۡ یَتَخَبَّطُهُالشَّیۡطٰنُ مِنَالۡمَسِّ ؕ ذٰلِكَ بِاَنَّهُمۡ قَالُوۡۤااِنَّمَا الۡبَیۡعُمِثۡلُ الرِّبٰواۘ وَاَحَلَّ اللّٰهُالۡبَیۡعَ وَحَرَّمَ الرِّبٰواؕ فَمَنۡجَآءَهٗ مَوۡعِظَۃٌمِّنۡ رَّبِّهٖفَانۡتَهٰی فَلَهٗمَا سَلَفَؕ وَاَمۡرُهٗۤ اِلَیاللّٰهِ ؕ وَمَنۡ عَادَفَاُولٰٓئِكَ اَصۡحٰبُالنَّارِ ۚ هُمۡ فِیۡهَا خٰلِدُوۡنَ﴿۲۷۵﴾

Those who consume usury will be like one whom Satan has driven mad by his touch. That is because they say, "Trade is like usury." But Allah has permitted trade and forbidden usury. So whoever desists after a reminder from his Lord has come to him, then that which has passed is for him; and his affair is with Allah. And whoever starts again, they are the companions of the Fire, they will abide therein.

Surah Baqarah, verse 275.

یٰۤاَیُّهَا الَّذِیۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡۤا اِنَّمَا الۡخَمۡرُ وَ الۡمَیۡسِرُ وَ الۡاَنۡصَابُ وَ الۡاَزۡلَامُ رِجۡسٌ مِّنۡ عَمَلِ الشَّیۡطٰنِ فَاجۡتَنِبُوۡهُ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُوۡنَ ﴿۹۰﴾

O you who believe! Intoxicants, gambling, idols, and fortune-telling are only an abomination, the work of Satan. So avoid them that you may be successful.

Surah Al-Ma'idah, verse 90.

وَ لَا تَقۡرَبُوۡا مَالَ الۡیَتِیۡمِ اِلَّا بِالَّتِیۡ هِیَ اَحۡسَنُ حَتّٰی یَبۡلُغَ اَشُدَّهٗ ۚ وَ اَوۡفُوا الۡكَیۡلَ وَ الۡمِیۡزَانَ بِالۡقِسۡطِ ۚ لَا نُكَلِّفُ نَفۡسًا اِلَّا وُسۡعَهَا ۚ وَ اِذَا قُلۡتُمۡ فَاعۡدِلُوۡا وَ لَوۡ كَانَ ذَا قُرۡبٰی ۚ وَ بِعَهۡدِ اللّٰهِ اَوۡفُوۡا ؕ ذٰلِكُمۡ وَصّٰكُمۡ بِهٖ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَذَكَّرُوۡنَ ﴿۱۵۲﴾ۙ

And do not approach the orphan's property except in a just manner, until he reaches maturity, and give full measure and weight with justice. We do not burden a soul beyond its capacity. And when you speak, speak justly, even if it is to a relative, and fulfill the covenant of Allah. Thus does Allah command you that you may receive admonition.

Surah An'am, verse 152.

Allah's warning about those who forbid what Allah has made lawful:

قُلۡ مَنۡ حَرَّمَ زِیۡنَۃَ اللّٰهِ الَّتِیۡۤ اَخۡرَجَ لِعِبَادِهٖ وَ الطَّیِّبٰتِ مِنَ الرِّزۡقِ ؕ قُلۡ هِیَ لِلَّذِیۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا فِی الۡحَیٰوۃِ الدُّنۡیَا خَالِصَۃً یَّوۡمَ الۡقِیٰمَۃِ ؕ كَذٰلِكَ نُفَصِّلُ الۡاٰیٰتِ لِقَوۡمٍ یَّعۡلَمُوۡنَ ﴿۳۲﴾

Say, "Who has forbidden the good things and the pure provisions that Allah has produced for His servants?" Say, "In this world's life, and on the Day of Resurrection, these are for those who believe." Thus do We explain the verses for a people who know.

Surah A'raf, verse 32.

اِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ عَلَیۡكُمُ الۡمَیۡتَۃَ وَ الدَّمَ وَ لَحۡمَ الۡخِنۡزِیۡرِ وَ مَاۤ اُهِلَّ لِغَیۡرِ اللّٰهِ بِهٖ ۚ فَمَنِ اضۡطُرَّ غَیۡرَ بَاغٍ وَّ لَا عَادٍ فَاِنَّ اللّٰهَ غَفُوۡرٌ رَّحِیۡمٌ ﴿۱۱۵﴾

 وَ لَا تَقُوۡلُوۡا لِمَا تَصِفُ اَلۡسِنَتُكُمُ الۡكَذِبَ هٰذَا حَلٰلٌ وَّ هٰذَا حَرَامٌ لِّتَفۡتَرُوۡا عَلَی اللّٰهِ الۡكَذِبَ ؕ اِنَّ الَّذِیۡنَ یَفۡتَرُوۡنَ عَلَی اللّٰهِ الۡكَذِبَ لَا یُفۡلِحُوۡنَ ﴿۱۱۶﴾ؕ

Allah has only forbidden you dead animals, blood, the flesh of swine, and that on which the name of other than Allah has been invoked. But if anyone is in need, without disobedience or transgression, then Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.

And do not say, "This is lawful and this is forbidden," in order to forge a lie against Allah. Indeed, those who forge a lie against Allah will not prosper.

Surah An-Nahl, verses 115-116.